"Jewish Matrix of Christianity is in the theology developed by these apocryphal writings, a little earlier or contemporary with Jesus"
The editorial Aeschylus has recently published an interesting offer for those interested in the texts that were not included in the sacred book of Christianity: 'The Bible rejected by the Church. " The author is a dedicated specialist in early Christianity, Greek philosophy professor at the Complutense University, Antonio Piñero .
Piñero, whose book recently talked Bottup , specializes in language and literature of early Christianity ', editor and translator of ancient texts. I interviewed.
Piñero, whose book recently talked Bottup , specializes in language and literature of early Christianity ', editor and translator of ancient texts. I interviewed.
Professor Antonio Piñero (Photo: David Reneses)
C. Núñez: Why do you think that is why until 1970 the Apocrypha not arouse much interest, even among theologians?
Antonio Piñero: Until that moment began to publish in full, and made public at large scale, the Dead Sea documents, which although not "apocryphal" in the full sense of the word belong to them in the sense expressing a similar theology of Judaism, which complements and in some cases correcting the Old Testament nor knew just the apocryphal Gnostic Nag Hammadi Library. These two new groups of texts offered great material out of the investigation, somewhat trite, the texts of early Christianity and exploring new areas.
"The image of Jesus offered by the Apocrypha was uncharted territory for the curiosity of people"
addition, liberal theology had hitherto much emphasis on the influence of Hellenism and spirit in the early Christian community. There was talk in theological research-especially the influence of German theology, "that most new about the interpretation of Jesus by the followers of this group had occurred in the" Hellenistic community, " thus Greek. Then, with the discovery of new material, especially the Dead Sea Scrolls, Jewish, there was a movement to search for other roots of Christian theology that were not only the influences of Greek religion. These roots are found mostly in the "Apocrypha of the Old Testament and the Qumran texts. This sparked interest in the Apocrypha in general.
Regarding the Apocrypha of the New Testament, it was then, probably by mimicry, when people began to see in works written with the intention popular rather than the image of Jesus offered by the Apocrypha was uncharted territory for curiosity of the people. The implementation of the recently discovered "Gospel of Thomas, Nag Hammadi, the complexion of the sayings of Jesus contained in the official Gospels was only made possible when public and visible this document ... and that was from 1970. Interest by the "Gospel of Thomas Gnostic dragged the interest in other apocryphal.
CN: Most of these texts are anonymous. What was your goal?
AP: It must be said first that the four Gospels accepted by the Church as well as anonymous broadcast. The tradition of who wrote Matthew, Mark, Luke and John is late, well into the second century, and tradition is a purpose built to link these important works, but whose author was unknown, with the apostles, Jesus' closest followers. Therefore, it is not surprising that other gospels were also anonymous. What the authors intended? Expand your view of Jesus, his vision of what was really the mission and figure of the Master. Each of the first-apocryphal gospels and letters then also apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, or apocalypse / revelation to some of them, were like the flag of each group Christian theology. They were the hook to attract flag people, new converts, who joined the group with this or that particular gospel.
Each of the Apocrypha was the pennant hook to attract people, new converts, who joined the group that did this or that particular gospel
CN: apocryphal Everything is always surrounded by an aura of mystery, something forbidden and sublime ... something exaggerated, is not it?
A. Q: It's natural. It is the attraction of "forbidden fruit" ... However, it is exaggerated in part about the New Testament apocrypha, as to rebuild the genuine historical image of Jesus of Nazareth, these apocryphal help Slight. "It's very exaggerated but the aura of mystery, of" importance "in the Apocrypha of the Old Testament, because, in my view and that of others-the Jewish matrix of Christianity is in the theology developed by these writings apocryphal, a little earlier or contemporary with Jesus, who develop aspects of the theology of the Old Testament interested unevolved but Jesus and his followers, including notions of the Messiah, the kingdom of God, the afterlife and its rewards and punishment, the final moments of the world, the Son of Man, etc. They are therefore very important to study the thinking of early Christians. Jesus and his followers drank from these sources. As regards the New Testament Apocrypha, are very interesting to realize how Christianity was more primitive, complex and rich, and to understand course, art history and popular religion, and even the liturgy and dogma influenced by the apocryphal.
CN: Tell us about the process documentation. I imagine that part of the way through him and in his Guide to Understanding the New Testament (Editorial Trotta, Madrid 2006).
A. P: Not really, because this book focuses almost all of it in the New Testament, both canonical works. My interest comes from the Apocrypha times of my PhD, I did partly in Heidelberg in the years 1970-1974, on "The feeling of inspiration in early Christianity." Then I had to study the Old Testament Apocrypha as precedents of Christianity, and I realized the immense importance of this group of writings to understand the Jewish side of Christianity. It was like a sort of revelation.
Then it struck me that it was necessary to edit them in English. This was done under the shadow of a famous professor then, Alejandro Díez Macho, professor of Hebrew and Aramaic at the University Complutense. Interests coincide, we proposed the issue to and from Christianity Editorial 1982, began the publication of these apocryphal. We publish five volumes until 1987. Then killed the editor, Miguel and Alejandro Díez Macho Sanmiguel and ... the work was stopped by several problems. But they never stopped completely. The final volumes VI and VII are devoted to the new Editorial Christianity and Madrid. I hope that during 2009 see the light of the important volume devoted to apocalyptic VI. Then will the seventh and last, with the indices.
Later I realized the importance of the Coptic Gnostic library of Nag Hammadi Gnostic to illustrate the origins of Christianity. I formed a group of translators / researchers and published in Trotta: three volumes are on the 3 rd edition with nearly 50 treaties Gnostic Christians, some important as the Gospels of Mary and Philip, the only (very bad) cited in The Da Vinci Code.
But they do not understand the history of Christianity or the Christian religion, nor art, popular religious literature, and even the liturgy and dogma
Finally, Gonzalo del Cerro, I'm posting the apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, Bilingual edition (mainly Greek / Latin and English translation with commentary) on the Editorial "Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, Madrid. Has now two volumes with five facts Apocrypha oldest and most important (of Peter, Paul John, Andrew and Thomas). We are reviewing the third volume is completed by the Acts of Philip, Matthew and others ... So it is a labor of years, in parallel with the task of researching the New Testament as such.
CN: Really these texts came to be influential? You talk about a parallel Bible ...
A. Q: Fully influential in the Christian world. The Apocrypha of the Old Testament because they are, as I said before, the true parent of Christianity in its Jewish part. The New Testament Apocrypha, Gnostics much as others, because they have greatly influenced the life of the Church. No they do not understand the history of Christianity, or Christian religion, nor art, popular religious literature, and even the liturgy and dogma, as I said before. I said "parallel Bible" without any exaggeration. The Old Testament Apocrypha circulated as works inspired not so much as the Law or the Prophets, but as "writings" inspired among Jews and Christians until the first quarter of the second century and were considered almost equal value, eg the Book Judith or Tobit, etc. In the New Testament have been recorded around 178 references to these works. The Apocryphal New Testament, especially the Gospels and Acts circulated in profusion as "inspired" to many groups of Christians until the fourth century, when they were being declared heretics those who used them. But it was for a long time a real "parallel Bible."
CN: Obviously Apocrypha has left many out of this work ... Do you plan to enlargement?
A. Q: Indeed there are many more apocryphal than those outlined in this work, which is purely introductory. We thought that as "awakening" of interest was sufficient and that no page to load, and increase the price, etc. The extension is always possible and depends on the Editor. In the short bibliography, which is collected at the end, it identifies the largest collections of apocryphal for anyone interested in an extension of time.
CN: Thanks. Published
bottup.com
LosAlisios Antonio Piñero: Until that moment began to publish in full, and made public at large scale, the Dead Sea documents, which although not "apocryphal" in the full sense of the word belong to them in the sense expressing a similar theology of Judaism, which complements and in some cases correcting the Old Testament nor knew just the apocryphal Gnostic Nag Hammadi Library. These two new groups of texts offered great material out of the investigation, somewhat trite, the texts of early Christianity and exploring new areas.
"The image of Jesus offered by the Apocrypha was uncharted territory for the curiosity of people"
addition, liberal theology had hitherto much emphasis on the influence of Hellenism and spirit in the early Christian community. There was talk in theological research-especially the influence of German theology, "that most new about the interpretation of Jesus by the followers of this group had occurred in the" Hellenistic community, " thus Greek. Then, with the discovery of new material, especially the Dead Sea Scrolls, Jewish, there was a movement to search for other roots of Christian theology that were not only the influences of Greek religion. These roots are found mostly in the "Apocrypha of the Old Testament and the Qumran texts. This sparked interest in the Apocrypha in general.
Regarding the Apocrypha of the New Testament, it was then, probably by mimicry, when people began to see in works written with the intention popular rather than the image of Jesus offered by the Apocrypha was uncharted territory for curiosity of the people. The implementation of the recently discovered "Gospel of Thomas, Nag Hammadi, the complexion of the sayings of Jesus contained in the official Gospels was only made possible when public and visible this document ... and that was from 1970. Interest by the "Gospel of Thomas Gnostic dragged the interest in other apocryphal.
CN: Most of these texts are anonymous. What was your goal?
AP: It must be said first that the four Gospels accepted by the Church as well as anonymous broadcast. The tradition of who wrote Matthew, Mark, Luke and John is late, well into the second century, and tradition is a purpose built to link these important works, but whose author was unknown, with the apostles, Jesus' closest followers. Therefore, it is not surprising that other gospels were also anonymous. What the authors intended? Expand your view of Jesus, his vision of what was really the mission and figure of the Master. Each of the first-apocryphal gospels and letters then also apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, or apocalypse / revelation to some of them, were like the flag of each group Christian theology. They were the hook to attract flag people, new converts, who joined the group with this or that particular gospel.
Each of the Apocrypha was the pennant hook to attract people, new converts, who joined the group that did this or that particular gospel
CN: apocryphal Everything is always surrounded by an aura of mystery, something forbidden and sublime ... something exaggerated, is not it?
A. Q: It's natural. It is the attraction of "forbidden fruit" ... However, it is exaggerated in part about the New Testament apocrypha, as to rebuild the genuine historical image of Jesus of Nazareth, these apocryphal help Slight. "It's very exaggerated but the aura of mystery, of" importance "in the Apocrypha of the Old Testament, because, in my view and that of others-the Jewish matrix of Christianity is in the theology developed by these writings apocryphal, a little earlier or contemporary with Jesus, who develop aspects of the theology of the Old Testament interested unevolved but Jesus and his followers, including notions of the Messiah, the kingdom of God, the afterlife and its rewards and punishment, the final moments of the world, the Son of Man, etc. They are therefore very important to study the thinking of early Christians. Jesus and his followers drank from these sources. As regards the New Testament Apocrypha, are very interesting to realize how Christianity was more primitive, complex and rich, and to understand course, art history and popular religion, and even the liturgy and dogma influenced by the apocryphal.
CN: Tell us about the process documentation. I imagine that part of the way through him and in his Guide to Understanding the New Testament (Editorial Trotta, Madrid 2006).
A. P: Not really, because this book focuses almost all of it in the New Testament, both canonical works. My interest comes from the Apocrypha times of my PhD, I did partly in Heidelberg in the years 1970-1974, on "The feeling of inspiration in early Christianity." Then I had to study the Old Testament Apocrypha as precedents of Christianity, and I realized the immense importance of this group of writings to understand the Jewish side of Christianity. It was like a sort of revelation.
Then it struck me that it was necessary to edit them in English. This was done under the shadow of a famous professor then, Alejandro Díez Macho, professor of Hebrew and Aramaic at the University Complutense. Interests coincide, we proposed the issue to and from Christianity Editorial 1982, began the publication of these apocryphal. We publish five volumes until 1987. Then killed the editor, Miguel and Alejandro Díez Macho Sanmiguel and ... the work was stopped by several problems. But they never stopped completely. The final volumes VI and VII are devoted to the new Editorial Christianity and Madrid. I hope that during 2009 see the light of the important volume devoted to apocalyptic VI. Then will the seventh and last, with the indices.
Later I realized the importance of the Coptic Gnostic library of Nag Hammadi Gnostic to illustrate the origins of Christianity. I formed a group of translators / researchers and published in Trotta: three volumes are on the 3 rd edition with nearly 50 treaties Gnostic Christians, some important as the Gospels of Mary and Philip, the only (very bad) cited in The Da Vinci Code.
But they do not understand the history of Christianity or the Christian religion, nor art, popular religious literature, and even the liturgy and dogma
Finally, Gonzalo del Cerro, I'm posting the apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, Bilingual edition (mainly Greek / Latin and English translation with commentary) on the Editorial "Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, Madrid. Has now two volumes with five facts Apocrypha oldest and most important (of Peter, Paul John, Andrew and Thomas). We are reviewing the third volume is completed by the Acts of Philip, Matthew and others ... So it is a labor of years, in parallel with the task of researching the New Testament as such.
CN: Really these texts came to be influential? You talk about a parallel Bible ...
A. Q: Fully influential in the Christian world. The Apocrypha of the Old Testament because they are, as I said before, the true parent of Christianity in its Jewish part. The New Testament Apocrypha, Gnostics much as others, because they have greatly influenced the life of the Church. No they do not understand the history of Christianity, or Christian religion, nor art, popular religious literature, and even the liturgy and dogma, as I said before. I said "parallel Bible" without any exaggeration. The Old Testament Apocrypha circulated as works inspired not so much as the Law or the Prophets, but as "writings" inspired among Jews and Christians until the first quarter of the second century and were considered almost equal value, eg the Book Judith or Tobit, etc. In the New Testament have been recorded around 178 references to these works. The Apocryphal New Testament, especially the Gospels and Acts circulated in profusion as "inspired" to many groups of Christians until the fourth century, when they were being declared heretics those who used them. But it was for a long time a real "parallel Bible."
CN: Obviously Apocrypha has left many out of this work ... Do you plan to enlargement?
A. Q: Indeed there are many more apocryphal than those outlined in this work, which is purely introductory. We thought that as "awakening" of interest was sufficient and that no page to load, and increase the price, etc. The extension is always possible and depends on the Editor. In the short bibliography, which is collected at the end, it identifies the largest collections of apocryphal for anyone interested in an extension of time.
CN: Thanks. Published
bottup.com
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